Environmental Issues Caused By Landfills Essay - 1329 Words

Environmental Issues Caused by Landfills The overabundance of landfills is classified as one of the biggest environmental challenges facing the world today. This has been a major problem for people who reside around these landfill associated areas. People are now starting to realize the negative effect landfills have on people s health as well as on the economy of the countries with high numbers of landfills. Over the years, there have been countless incidents reported due to fatal gases in the air, surrounding garbage lots (Taylor, 1999, p. A 405). Methane, vinyl chloride and other deadly fumes were reported on the pavements near old landfills constructed before 1988. During the year of 1988, The United States Environmental Protection Agency established a bill called Subtitled D which summarized manufacture and enterprise obligations for all the disposal areas built after 1988. This allowed them to improve the preservation of water flowing underground and the conditions of the air. The costs for this architecture and its demands have severely increased. In order to pay for the expenses, landfill engineers are compelled to administer these prices with vast consumer supports by obtaining a prodigious quantity of concrete garbage. Another major problem that has come up is that although the former landfills are locked, they are still able to generate methane fumes. As stated by Garcia, if the methane is operating horizontally, it can reach toward neighboring homes (Taylor,Show MoreRelatedAir Toxins, Landfills, And The Solution1734 Words   |  7 PagesAir Toxins, Landfills, and the Solution - Plasmafication Introduction Landfill growth is inevitable. As landfills grow, they release toxic chemicals in the air and harmful pollutants into groundwater. These hazardous chemicals make our tap water undrinkable and our air unbreathable. Residents who live near landfills are most likely to encounter health problems. A few of these problems include: lung and respiratory problems, heart disease, nervous system damage, and cancerous illness. ResidentsRead MoreLandfills and Garbage Incinerators Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagespeople pretend that it does not exist. They tend to believe that waste disposal is an issue for the government and private contractors. While this is true, these people have to decide how to dispose of everyone’s’ garbage. And they have to ask, what impact will this refuse have on the environment and community after it is out of sight and mind? There are three basic ways that trash is disposed of recycling, landfills and incineration. Each with their own perks and flaws. Recycling has been and willRead MoreThe United States Of America1461 Words   |  6 Pagesfriendly manner. The United States is the top trash-producing country in the world at over 1,600 pounds per person per year. Although the U.S. accounts for 5% of the world’s population, it generates 40% of the world’s waste. According to the Environmental Protection Agency’s Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2010 â€Å"Americans generated about 250 million tons of trash and recycled and composted over 85 million tons of materials, resultingRead MoreThe Waste Of The Uk1597 Words   |  7 PagesWaste in the UK Tianyi Shi Abstract: The main purpose of this report is to highlight the issues of waste in the UK by giving three relative and reliable figures. As environmental problems are becoming more serious, how to reduce and dispose of waste has increasingly concerned the government. This research, based on the Direct Material Input and Domestic Material Consumption in the UK from 2000 to 2013, the comparison of waste arising in different sectors in the UK from 2004 to 2012 and local authorityRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Waste Management1281 Words   |  6 Pagesmanagement and achieve compatibility in the cost of treatment processes and the maximum effect on controlling the pollution caused by waste. The combination process to treat leachate and in situ aeration are two examples of these new technologies. Waste management refers to all the actions required to manage waste from inception to final disposal in accordance with local environmental guidelines. Waste management is important for it reduces the adverse effect on human health and environment. For instanceRead MoreHealth Effects Of Air And Water Pollutants1159 Words   |  5 PagesHealth effects of air and water pollutants are major environmental issues that need to be better understood and controlled in the United States and globally. â€Å"Pollution can occur from natural causes or from human activities† (Air and Water Pollution, 2015, p. 1). This issue is so important for many reasons, but for this discussion, it is being identified to give a voice to the urgency for the world to pay attention to how our environment is falling into a catastrophic level of decline because ofRead MoreWhat Is Warren County PCB Landfill1358 Words   |  6 Pagesof Carolina decided to use the county as a place to dump the contaminated soi l, which is known as Warren County PCB Landfill. The residents of the county fought against the landfill in many ways for a long time, pursuing an environmental justice. The landfill was extremely controversial and years of lawsuits came after it. It is also one of the earliest and most famous environmental classism cases in the history. According to the 2010 united states census, the population in Warren County had 20,972Read MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Recycling1486 Words   |  6 Pages While people think it doesn t save energy, people should take recycling into consideration to help the world they live in because it creates less needs for raw materials, creates job , and reduces the pollution caused by waste. You learn more and more about the basic concepts of recycling and the benefits it holds. Not many see the purpose in recycling or the good in it but there is a lot of good in recycling . Growing up I m sure you always saw in school the text in logos for recycling to beRead MoreLandfill Fire Threatens Nuclear Waste Site Outside St. Louis1091 Words   |  5 PagesLater the EPA admitted that people who work at the West Lake Landfill have to be cautious and careful to protect their health. According to Veronica LaCapra’s report, Landfill Fire Threatens Nuclear Waste Site Outside St. Louis. if the Westlake Landfill’s soil is disarranged, â€Å"radioactive dust particles could be released into the atmosphere.† Unfortunately, it may lead to the inhalation of airborne radioactive dust particles. If these particles are inhaled by workers it could seriously harm theirRead MoreFort Riley : A Military Installation1502 Words   |  7 Pagescontaminated. There are landfills, hospitals, motor pools, and burn pits along with other facilities. There are well within the Camp Funston Landfill that have been contaminated with vinyl chloride along with other VOCS. Ground water around the dry cleaning facilities on the post have had PCE detected in them. Due to a fire training pit near the Marshall Army Airfield, ground water around this location has been contaminated with VOCS. With Fort Riley being a military installation, the landfill has been reported

Environmental Issues Caused By Landfills Essay - 1329 Words

Environmental Issues Caused by Landfills The overabundance of landfills is classified as one of the biggest environmental challenges facing the world today. This has been a major problem for people who reside around these landfill associated areas. People are now starting to realize the negative effect landfills have on people s health as well as on the economy of the countries with high numbers of landfills. Over the years, there have been countless incidents reported due to fatal gases in the air, surrounding garbage lots (Taylor, 1999, p. A 405). Methane, vinyl chloride and other deadly fumes were reported on the pavements near old landfills constructed before 1988. During the year of 1988, The United States Environmental Protection Agency established a bill called Subtitled D which summarized manufacture and enterprise obligations for all the disposal areas built after 1988. This allowed them to improve the preservation of water flowing underground and the conditions of the air. The costs for this architecture and its demands have severely increased. In order to pay for the expenses, landfill engineers are compelled to administer these prices with vast consumer supports by obtaining a prodigious quantity of concrete garbage. Another major problem that has come up is that although the former landfills are locked, they are still able to generate methane fumes. As stated by Garcia, if the methane is operating horizontally, it can reach toward neighboring homes (Taylor,Show MoreRelatedAir Toxins, Landfills, And The Solution1734 Words   |  7 PagesAir Toxins, Landfills, and the Solution - Plasmafication Introduction Landfill growth is inevitable. As landfills grow, they release toxic chemicals in the air and harmful pollutants into groundwater. These hazardous chemicals make our tap water undrinkable and our air unbreathable. Residents who live near landfills are most likely to encounter health problems. A few of these problems include: lung and respiratory problems, heart disease, nervous system damage, and cancerous illness. ResidentsRead MoreLandfills and Garbage Incinerators Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagespeople pretend that it does not exist. They tend to believe that waste disposal is an issue for the government and private contractors. While this is true, these people have to decide how to dispose of everyone’s’ garbage. And they have to ask, what impact will this refuse have on the environment and community after it is out of sight and mind? There are three basic ways that trash is disposed of recycling, landfills and incineration. Each with their own perks and flaws. Recycling has been and willRead MoreThe United States Of America1461 Words   |  6 Pagesfriendly manner. The United States is the top trash-producing country in the world at over 1,600 pounds per person per year. Although the U.S. accounts for 5% of the world’s population, it generates 40% of the world’s waste. According to the Environmental Protection Agency’s Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2010 â€Å"Americans generated about 250 million tons of trash and recycled and composted over 85 million tons of materials, resultingRead MoreThe Waste Of The Uk1597 Words   |  7 PagesWaste in the UK Tianyi Shi Abstract: The main purpose of this report is to highlight the issues of waste in the UK by giving three relative and reliable figures. As environmental problems are becoming more serious, how to reduce and dispose of waste has increasingly concerned the government. This research, based on the Direct Material Input and Domestic Material Consumption in the UK from 2000 to 2013, the comparison of waste arising in different sectors in the UK from 2004 to 2012 and local authorityRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Waste Management1281 Words   |  6 Pagesmanagement and achieve compatibility in the cost of treatment processes and the maximum effect on controlling the pollution caused by waste. The combination process to treat leachate and in situ aeration are two examples of these new technologies. Waste management refers to all the actions required to manage waste from inception to final disposal in accordance with local environmental guidelines. Waste management is important for it reduces the adverse effect on human health and environment. For instanceRead MoreHealth Effects Of Air And Water Pollutants1159 Words   |  5 PagesHealth effects of air and water pollutants are major environmental issues that need to be better understood and controlled in the United States and globally. â€Å"Pollution can occur from natural causes or from human activities† (Air and Water Pollution, 2015, p. 1). This issue is so important for many reasons, but for this discussion, it is being identified to give a voice to the urgency for the world to pay attention to how our environment is falling into a catastrophic level of decline because ofRead MoreWhat Is Warren County PCB Landfill1358 Words   |  6 Pagesof Carolina decided to use the county as a place to dump the contaminated soi l, which is known as Warren County PCB Landfill. The residents of the county fought against the landfill in many ways for a long time, pursuing an environmental justice. The landfill was extremely controversial and years of lawsuits came after it. It is also one of the earliest and most famous environmental classism cases in the history. According to the 2010 united states census, the population in Warren County had 20,972Read MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Recycling1486 Words   |  6 Pages While people think it doesn t save energy, people should take recycling into consideration to help the world they live in because it creates less needs for raw materials, creates job , and reduces the pollution caused by waste. You learn more and more about the basic concepts of recycling and the benefits it holds. Not many see the purpose in recycling or the good in it but there is a lot of good in recycling . Growing up I m sure you always saw in school the text in logos for recycling to beRead MoreLandfill Fire Threatens Nuclear Waste Site Outside St. Louis1091 Words   |  5 PagesLater the EPA admitted that people who work at the West Lake Landfill have to be cautious and careful to protect their health. According to Veronica LaCapra’s report, Landfill Fire Threatens Nuclear Waste Site Outside St. Louis. if the Westlake Landfill’s soil is disarranged, â€Å"radioactive dust particles could be released into the atmosphere.† Unfortunately, it may lead to the inhalation of airborne radioactive dust particles. If these particles are inhaled by workers it could seriously harm theirRead MoreFort Riley : A Military Installation1502 Words   |  7 Pagescontaminated. There are landfills, hospitals, motor pools, and burn pits along with other facilities. There are well within the Camp Funston Landfill that have been contaminated with vinyl chloride along with other VOCS. Ground water around the dry cleaning facilities on the post have had PCE detected in them. Due to a fire training pit near the Marshall Army Airfield, ground water around this location has been contaminated with VOCS. With Fort Riley being a military installation, the landfill has been reported

Environmental Issues Caused By Landfills Essay - 1329 Words

Environmental Issues Caused by Landfills The overabundance of landfills is classified as one of the biggest environmental challenges facing the world today. This has been a major problem for people who reside around these landfill associated areas. People are now starting to realize the negative effect landfills have on people s health as well as on the economy of the countries with high numbers of landfills. Over the years, there have been countless incidents reported due to fatal gases in the air, surrounding garbage lots (Taylor, 1999, p. A 405). Methane, vinyl chloride and other deadly fumes were reported on the pavements near old landfills constructed before 1988. During the year of 1988, The United States Environmental Protection Agency established a bill called Subtitled D which summarized manufacture and enterprise obligations for all the disposal areas built after 1988. This allowed them to improve the preservation of water flowing underground and the conditions of the air. The costs for this architecture and its demands have severely increased. In order to pay for the expenses, landfill engineers are compelled to administer these prices with vast consumer supports by obtaining a prodigious quantity of concrete garbage. Another major problem that has come up is that although the former landfills are locked, they are still able to generate methane fumes. As stated by Garcia, if the methane is operating horizontally, it can reach toward neighboring homes (Taylor,Show MoreRelatedAir Toxins, Landfills, And The Solution1734 Words   |  7 PagesAir Toxins, Landfills, and the Solution - Plasmafication Introduction Landfill growth is inevitable. As landfills grow, they release toxic chemicals in the air and harmful pollutants into groundwater. These hazardous chemicals make our tap water undrinkable and our air unbreathable. Residents who live near landfills are most likely to encounter health problems. A few of these problems include: lung and respiratory problems, heart disease, nervous system damage, and cancerous illness. ResidentsRead MoreLandfills and Garbage Incinerators Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagespeople pretend that it does not exist. They tend to believe that waste disposal is an issue for the government and private contractors. While this is true, these people have to decide how to dispose of everyone’s’ garbage. And they have to ask, what impact will this refuse have on the environment and community after it is out of sight and mind? There are three basic ways that trash is disposed of recycling, landfills and incineration. Each with their own perks and flaws. Recycling has been and willRead MoreThe United States Of America1461 Words   |  6 Pagesfriendly manner. The United States is the top trash-producing country in the world at over 1,600 pounds per person per year. Although the U.S. accounts for 5% of the world’s population, it generates 40% of the world’s waste. According to the Environmental Protection Agency’s Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2010 â€Å"Americans generated about 250 million tons of trash and recycled and composted over 85 million tons of materials, resultingRead MoreThe Waste Of The Uk1597 Words   |  7 PagesWaste in the UK Tianyi Shi Abstract: The main purpose of this report is to highlight the issues of waste in the UK by giving three relative and reliable figures. As environmental problems are becoming more serious, how to reduce and dispose of waste has increasingly concerned the government. This research, based on the Direct Material Input and Domestic Material Consumption in the UK from 2000 to 2013, the comparison of waste arising in different sectors in the UK from 2004 to 2012 and local authorityRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Waste Management1281 Words   |  6 Pagesmanagement and achieve compatibility in the cost of treatment processes and the maximum effect on controlling the pollution caused by waste. The combination process to treat leachate and in situ aeration are two examples of these new technologies. Waste management refers to all the actions required to manage waste from inception to final disposal in accordance with local environmental guidelines. Waste management is important for it reduces the adverse effect on human health and environment. For instanceRead MoreHealth Effects Of Air And Water Pollutants1159 Words   |  5 PagesHealth effects of air and water pollutants are major environmental issues that need to be better understood and controlled in the United States and globally. â€Å"Pollution can occur from natural causes or from human activities† (Air and Water Pollution, 2015, p. 1). This issue is so important for many reasons, but for this discussion, it is being identified to give a voice to the urgency for the world to pay attention to how our environment is falling into a catastrophic level of decline because ofRead MoreWhat Is Warren County PCB Landfill1358 Words   |  6 Pagesof Carolina decided to use the county as a place to dump the contaminated soi l, which is known as Warren County PCB Landfill. The residents of the county fought against the landfill in many ways for a long time, pursuing an environmental justice. The landfill was extremely controversial and years of lawsuits came after it. It is also one of the earliest and most famous environmental classism cases in the history. According to the 2010 united states census, the population in Warren County had 20,972Read MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Recycling1486 Words   |  6 Pages While people think it doesn t save energy, people should take recycling into consideration to help the world they live in because it creates less needs for raw materials, creates job , and reduces the pollution caused by waste. You learn more and more about the basic concepts of recycling and the benefits it holds. Not many see the purpose in recycling or the good in it but there is a lot of good in recycling . Growing up I m sure you always saw in school the text in logos for recycling to beRead MoreLandfill Fire Threatens Nuclear Waste Site Outside St. Louis1091 Words   |  5 PagesLater the EPA admitted that people who work at the West Lake Landfill have to be cautious and careful to protect their health. According to Veronica LaCapra’s report, Landfill Fire Threatens Nuclear Waste Site Outside St. Louis. if the Westlake Landfill’s soil is disarranged, â€Å"radioactive dust particles could be released into the atmosphere.† Unfortunately, it may lead to the inhalation of airborne radioactive dust particles. If these particles are inhaled by workers it could seriously harm theirRead MoreFort Riley : A Military Installation1502 Words   |  7 Pagescontaminated. There are landfills, hospitals, motor pools, and burn pits along with other facilities. There are well within the Camp Funston Landfill that have been contaminated with vinyl chloride along with other VOCS. Ground water around the dry cleaning facilities on the post have had PCE detected in them. Due to a fire training pit near the Marshall Army Airfield, ground water around this location has been contaminated with VOCS. With Fort Riley being a military installation, the landfill has been reported

Looking for Alaska Essay Topics - What Is It?

Looking for Alaska Essay Topics - What Is It? The Looking for Alaska Essay Topics Chronicles As an example, in college, you might be requested to compose a paper from the opposing perspective. This quote caught my attention because this is really a very general means of thinking and lots of people could think this way too. There are lots of symbols in the book. It's the brilliant instance of persuasive writing! What You Should Do to Find Out About Looking for Alaska Essay Topics Before You're Left Behind Green has written an inventive novel, one that is going to help young readers assess their place on the planet and the way they deal together. The intention of the story worked. This theme is developed all over the novel by the usage of a particular motif that is present all around the novel. Yes, there's a death in Looking For Alaska, and the characters attempt to create sense of it, but it isn't a mystery collection. The Little-Known Secrets to Looking for Alaska Essay T opics Though Alaska can be trusted completely (last year she was the person who rattled the entire organization to dean for a number of reasons), she's still the member of the group and Colonel asks Pudge to manage her. We've made a choice to ban dogs from the carboot sale site including the auto park. Okay, I have a sort of important announcement. In summer there's normally space for everyone who turns up. Advertising and the media are now nearly inseparable from society for a whole. Looking for Alaska is about choice, all about the way the choices that we make affect the men and women in our lives. Focused so you can the remembrance connected with Alaska, that is certainly the massive success. Adults believe teenagers think that they are invisible which somehow it's true teenagers do feel as they are invisible, but there's a huge picture in all this. If you reside locally and use the website to exercise dogs we'd urge you to stop now. You're going to want to binge your way through the entire show after watching just 1 episode of Looking for Alaska. Thankfully, Looking For Alaskas changes improve the story as opposed to deter it, so we had the ability to relish the series even more! The Basic Facts of Looking for Alaska Essay Topics Odds are, all you have to do is relax and locate a topic you're passionate about and, needless to say, one that's debatable. Nothing can stay unsolved. Nothing is ever precisely the same. There are many genius quotes and so many terrific thoughts. Many high school students may relate too all the above. Homework in college vs higher school. My normal weekend essay. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. Trophic cascade hypothesis definition Located here are the absolutely free response question frq essays that you'll need for students may also opt not to write on this subject, but on the opposite frq. Another good idea is to receive some absolutely free essay examples of different sorts and on various subjects to find a general idea of the way in which a thriving debatable paper looks. Quite frequently, the very best topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get ready to research it. You will need to back up your viewpoint with well-researched facts and data also. Essay on man epistle two paraphrase. Characteristics of Looking for Alaska Essay Topics Coming from the movie, however, we're sorely disappointed. Teen based films such as this can be turned into cheaply, cast well, and after that explode to big profits. The Fault in Our Stars author John Green will see his very first book become a movie. There isn't any doubt that John Green is a great writer, and this is the reason so many people like his novels. With a simpler theme and not as many characters to address, it's simpler to earn a satisfying movie. The whole dying words thing is a bit mo rbid. This region of the episode is bittersweet. Take, for instance, the characters.

Crest Essay free essay sample

To the effectiveness of their toothpaste, Crest uses an ad showing the beginning of a texted conversation, depicted in two separate ways. One is just a straight statement ending with a period. The other uses a smile emoji at the end instead. This equates their product (toothpaste) as the method used for the difference in a persons smile and how a smile, even an emoji one, can change the perception of a conversation, especially in text.The ads text A smile changes the whole story. next to a picture of Crest complete plus whitening with Scope, tends to show that in conjunction with using their product for your teeth, doing so will make your smile that much better, thus changing what others will be willing to accept or perceive based on what is said in a conversation.The conversation used here is the beginning of what looks to be a text conversation. We will write a custom essay sample on Crest Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The format of it is what looks like to be a form of messaging offered by Apple. The fact that one sentence ends with a smile emoji and one does not, the reader can reasonably assume what the context or feeling of each one is.The type of messaging used and the specific style of the message bubbles that look like thought bubbles, may be very recognizable to most consumers as a messaging format offered in Apple products. Their color, green, is used quite frequently in advertising because it makes the audience think of health, freshness, serenity, and even money. The color green helps consumers feel like they are buying into something to maintain their health.Most health-based ads seen today usually feature a way for someone to become either healthy, or healthier. These can include hair care products, oral care products, vitamins and supplements, or food items of the healthy variety. The list goes on. Sometimes the use of specific terms deemed as medical, clinical, science backed studies, or scientific breakthrough are used often. One that the audience may recognize most is the term FDA approved. Some products, such as toothpaste, even boast the quote 9 out of 10 dentists recommend as a factual statement just as often. Other products will use celebrities and quotes or statements from them regarding the efficacy of said product. Even using them to talk about how the product potentially made them feel emotionally.It makes sense, then, that an ad for oral hygiene products of any brand, would appeal to an audience made up of health-conscious consumers. Some of which are made up of women more than men and include the young adult age range. If the use of current, popular technology and messaging to make a sales pitch for toothpaste, of all things, that much better; especially in the case of the effectiveness of their product, then it seems they may already be well aware of what works. To sell Crests toothpaste with whitening plus Scope, they use a metaphor to equate their product to better perception of someones speaking (or texting) by another person by using a persons smile and the use of Crest toothpaste to make it that much better by comparison.The Crest ad uses the line A smile changes the whole story. to imply that having a better smile, or even one at all, by way of their product is all you need. The text is set at the bottom of the ad and is printed smaller that the main picture itself. It is even smaller than the box of Crest that is pictured next to it. This indicates that the use of Crest toothpaste is pretty much secondary to the purpose of smiling. The ad has a somewhat emotion invoking tone with each sentence bubble. The first gives the idea of hurt or anger and the second one gives a sense of satisfaction and/or happiness simply by adding the emoji at the end. The use of a text messaging conversation represents newness and relatability in regards to current technology and the ease of interpreting a comment or message correctly or incorrectly. By purchasing the product, customers have the potential to gain admittance to a world of better understanding because of the added use of Crest along with the persons smile.If ads alone are indicators of such matters, it seems safe to say that all sexes and a vast majority of adults are interested in different pursuits or outcomes. Ads for hygiene products that are used in womens magazines typically depict happy-go-lucky emotions, they play on more health-conscious ideas, family, caretaking, and cleanliness. Mens magazine ads tend to have more rugged, manly, clean cut, stern emotions. Suggesting maybe that for men, there are fewer interests overall. Crests ad line A Smile Changes the Whole Story. implies that to have a better smile, or one at all, that the use of their product is all you need.

Strategy And Controls In Information Security

Strategy and Controls For Dealing With Malicious Attacks and Vulnerability Every organization must focus and invest on countermeasures to deal with computer attacks and vulnerabilities. According to Beard and Wen (2009) an organization ought to balance its resources against the value of its information assets and any possible threats against them. These would work in detecting vulnerabilities, preventing attacks, and countering effects of any attacks that succeeds.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategy And Controls In Information Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Identifying the vulnerabilities and finding a way of minimizing them would work well to avoid possible attacks, and this is the best strategy. An attack is an act committed by an intruder with a wrong motive of interfering with system security. An attack on the information assets exploits the system’s vulnerability, and could damage the asset. An attack could comprise any of the following categories or a combination of any of them: Fabrications, which means adoption of some deceptions to play a trick on the unaware users of a system; Interruptions, which creates a break in the transmission channel and therefore acting as a block; Interceptions, which eavesdrops on transmissions redirecting to unauthorized user; and Modifications, which interferes or altercates with the data being transmitted. Vulnerability on the other hand is a weakness in a system that makes it possible for a harm to be caused by an attack. Threats cannot be eliminated, but it is possible to protect a system against vulnerabilities. This would minimize the chances of a threat exploiting the vulnerability. Therefore, eliminating as much vulnerability as possible is the key to protection against the risk of attack (Ludwig, 1996). Strategies of Dealing with Risks of Attacks and Threats The security plan in an organization’s information sys tem should include both proactive and reactive strategic measures. The proactive strategy involves predefined steps for preventing attacks before they occur, and involves determining the damage of a possible attack, determining the vulnerabilities the attack would exploit, and finally minimizing the weaknesses or the determined weak points for that specific threat. This has been discussed considering several threats as mentioned: Virus, Logic Bombs, Worm A virus attaches itself to software and spreads within the system and through e-mails to other systems. A worm on the other hand spreads through exploiting vulnerability in an application or operating system in a network. A logic bomb is a virus or worm that activates under set conditions, and mainly affects the application layer.Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A virus can cause multiple damages to a system, and can lead to a huge loss of a ll necessary information. The drive or software can also crash due to virus attack. All the documents stored in the hard drive can be lost. Virus would also interrupt the surfing process of the net, exposing personal information to public. This may also affect other systems in the network. Some types of virus are able to generate Internet Protocol (IP) address randomly and send automatically. If the generated address is copy of SQL server, the virus can be fired off by the system haphazardly to other IP addresses, affecting a whole system very fast. In addition, a virus attack can also cause buffer overflow where the virus may take advantage of overflow susceptibility. The affected system will not be able to handle excessive information, therefore may shut down. Zero-day attacks are tricky since they are perpetuated before the software developer would even think of implementing a counter to a threat. Vulnerability management would assist to minimize the risks of virus attacks. This is a security and quality assurance process by software developers that comprises an analysis phase of a possible attack, the test phase, reporting to developers, and mitigation or protective measures necessary. Control Measures Zero-day protection- These are protection mechanisms found in contemporary operating systems to minimize zero day attacks. Desktop and server protection software are also recommended to counter buffer overflow vulnerabilities. White listing, which only allows known good applications access the system can effectively control against zero-day attacks. Multiple layers protection would be appropriate in case where one-layer exploit is discovered. For instance, implementing server access control, local server firewalling, and network hardware firewall. These are three layers which would complement each other in case one is compromised. Antivirus and spyware can also be used to detect any virus, worm or logic bomb attacks through scanning process, and removal by destroying the parasite files and directories. Back door Attacks This is access to a computer that bypasses any set security mechanisms. This can be done for troubleshooting by a programmer, but attackers may use it as an exploit. This would pose a security risk, since crackers would always look for a vulnerable spot to exploit. A backdoor allows an intruder to interfere with files and even delete them or change system settings. It can also degrade internet facilities affecting speed and performance.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategy And Controls In Information Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Control of Backdoors A backdoor can be found and removed by use of antivirus products. Advanced spyware removers can detect and remove backdoors by scanning. These have extensive signature databases for system parasites. Instructions on manual malware removal are also available in internet resources in cas e of an antivirus or spyware remover fails. The user can then be able to delete all files and other objects that are parasitic. Vulnerabilities A weakness in the design or operation of a system that can be exploited to compromise its security can be referred to as vulnerability. Some of the vulnerabilities encountered are highlighted below with strategies and control of dealing with them. Security Administration Systems lack security policy leading to an ungoverned information network, and therefore vulnerable to attacks. The main cause of this situation is the attitude of most PCs administrators with distaste for security administration (Vilcinskas and Niman, 2000) This can be controlled by ensuring that procedures contributing to security are predicated to elements of the policy to be firm and quite effective. This would comprise security plans and enforcement including auditing controls. In addition, security training to the staff is very crucial and should not be omitted in an o rganization. A consistent process of formal configuration management and officially documented procedures should be fully implemented. A security policy regulating the time for users logging time to the system could also be set. Architechture Single points-of-failure exist where many PCs have centralized data storage and control. Physical damage to assets may result due to permissible operation of control equipment. In addition, the leveraging of PCs and networks for emergency signals renders the system vulnerable. Other systems like security and fire are also being integrated in PCs. This increases the possibilities of disruption and intrusion (DePoy, 2003. P. 6)Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This would require an effective control hierarchy to preclude any possible physical damage. Networks Vulnerabilities in networks include limitations caused by use of simple passwords and ill-protected links for old systems which are so vulnerable to attack. However, contemporary technologies in modern systems have also led to more risk due to massive accumulation of attacks the world over. In addition, there is uninformed trust in PCs links to faithfully transmit data with shared links that are not adequately shielded from other entities using it. Also interfaces to external systems assume the same trust on outside network. Control of these vulnerabilities due to network include protecting PCs connections over vulnerable links with encryption, substantial authentication for remote access and data protection between clients and access points. The system administrator would also demand periodic change of passwords, use of screen savers that can time out and activate the workstation lo ck, and setting a NetBios password if supported by hardware manufacturer (Warigon, 1997). Conclusion Strategies of a security plan in an organization involve predefined steps for preventing attacks. Virus, logic bombs and backdoor attacks have been analyzed in this discussion and the possible administrative and other control measures. Some vulnerabilities have also been highlighted with strategies of dealing with them and control measures. These include security administration, architecture, and network-related vulnerabilities. References Beard, D. Wen, H. (2009). Reducing The Threat Levels for Accounting Information  Systems. NewYork: New York State Society. DePoy, J. (2003). Common Vulnerabilities In Critical Infrastructure Control Systems.  Sandia, U. S. : Sandia Corporation. Ludwig, M. (1996). The Little Blackbook of Computer Viruses. Tucson, Arizona: American Eagle Publications, Inc. Vilcinskas, M. Niman, P. (2000). Security Strategies. New York: Inobits Consulting Pty Lt d. Warigon, S. (1997). Data Warehouse Control and Security. London: The ledger. This essay on Strategy And Controls In Information Security was written and submitted by user Mohammed Stark to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.